{"id":1,"date":"2020-03-26T10:34:36","date_gmt":"2020-03-26T08:34:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/?p=1"},"modified":"2023-09-01T00:14:13","modified_gmt":"2023-08-31T21:14:13","slug":"10-09-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/loengud\/2020\/10-09-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Liisa-Ly Pakosta &#8211; Sooline finantsebav\u00f5rdsus"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1\" class=\"elementor elementor-1\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ce5ced3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ce5ced3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-79f39d7e\" data-id=\"79f39d7e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2896fcd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2896fcd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Liisa-Ly Pakosta on v\u00f5rdsete v\u00f5imaluste volinik. V\u00f5rsete v\u00f5imaluste voliniku ametid loodi l\u00e4\u00e4neriikidesse j\u00e4relkajana IIMS hirmudele, sest s\u00f5ja ajal ja ka p\u00e4rast toimus mitmeid inim\u00f5iguste rikkumisi.\u00a0<br \/>Institutsioonide eesm\u00e4rk on ilma rahaliste takistustega anda n\u00f5u k\u00f5ikidele abi vajavatele inimestele. V\u00f5rd\u00f5igusvolinik kuulab \u00e4ra k\u00f5ikide inimeste mured, tema poole saab p\u00f6\u00f6rduda ka anon\u00fc\u00fcmselt. Tihti liiguvad probleemid v\u00f5rd\u00f5igusvolinikult edasi \u00f5iguskantslerile, kes uurib, kas inimese p\u00f5hi\u00f5igusi on rikutud.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f5ned ettekandest \u00f5hku j\u00e4\u00e4nud k\u00fcsimused:<br \/>Kuidas on \u00f5ige \u00fchiskonnas asju korraldada meeste ja naiste jaoks?<br \/>Kuidas korraldada \u00fchiskonnaelu nii, et naistel ja meestel oleks v\u00f5rdsed v\u00f5imalused?\u00a0<br \/>Kas soo m\u00e4\u00e4ratlus peaks olema tunde p\u00f5hjal v\u00f5i bioloogiliselt determineeritaval alusel?<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e4bil\u00f5ige loengus k\u00f5lanud m\u00f5tetest:<br \/>Esimest korda s\u00fcnnitas naisena s\u00fcndinud, kuid soovahetuse l\u00e4binud mees lapse 2008. aastal<br \/>Erinevad soolide vahelised k\u00fcsimused olenevad ajast ja kultuurist<br \/>Meestesse ja naistesse peabki erinevalt suhtuma, kuna m\u00f5lemale soole esineb endale vastavaid tunnuseid\u00a0<br \/>Soodest on oluline r\u00e4\u00e4kida, kuna identiteeditunnetus on iga inimese jaoks oluline. Inimene on karjaloom, kes tegutseb grupis. Sealjuures \u00fcksteisele hinnangute andmine on paratamatu<br \/>Seaduste j\u00e4rgi on maailmas hetkel kasutusel binaarne soos\u00fcsteem, st jagamine inimesed meesteks ja naisteks. Inimese v\u00f5imalust end kuidagi muud moodi defineerida hakatakse aina rohkem p\u00f5hi\u00f5igusena k\u00e4sitlema. N\u00e4ide: Saksmaa p\u00f5hi\u00f5iguse kohus otsustas, et ametkonnad peavad m\u00e4rkima passile kolmanda soo variandi, kui inimene nii soovib. Probleem tekibki n\u00fc\u00fcd aga n\u00e4iteks Eesti piiril, kui kodanik Saksamaal Eestisse tuleb, kuna PPAl on kohustus m\u00e4\u00e4ratleda sugu. Tegemist on praktilise probleemiga ning praeguse lahendusena m\u00e4rgitakse sugu sellisel juhul inimese eelistuse j\u00e4rgi<br \/>0.05 \u2013 1.7 maailma elanikkonnast ei ole v\u00f5imalik bioloogiliselt sugu m\u00e4\u00e4rata, Eestis on selliseid inimesi umbes 60<br \/>Eestil on v\u00e4hemustega arvestav v\u00e4lispoliitika\u00a0<br \/>L\u00e4\u00e4neriigid nagu Rootsi, Prantsusmaa ja Kanada defineerivad oma riigi v\u00e4lispoliitikat kui feministliku (feministlik v\u00e4lispoliitika). Eesti ennast niimoodi defineerinud ei ole, kuid r\u00f5hutab rahvusvahelisel tasandil, et seisab inimeste p\u00f5hi\u00f5iguste austamise eest<br \/>Rahvusvaheline tasand on hakanud aina rohkem t\u00e4helepanu p\u00f6\u00f6rama soolisele finantsebav\u00f5rdsusele &#8211; n\u00e4iteks on Maailmapank kasutusele v\u00f5tnud t\u00e4helepanumeetmed, et p\u00fchendada rohkem aega LGBT kogukonnale<br \/>Arenguabi pakkumisel ilma piisava informatsioonita ei pruugi olla positiivsed tagaj\u00e4rjed. N\u00e4iteks t\u00f5i \u00fches riigis kaevu ehitamine kaasa naiste vastase koduv\u00e4givalla t\u00f5usu. Kui varasemalt pidid naised vett toomas k\u00e4ima nii kaugelt, et neil kulus selleks terve p\u00e4ev, siis kaevu ehitamisega k\u00fclla l\u00e4ks neil vaid m\u00f5ned minutid. Millega aga ei arvestatud, on see, et naistele meeldis see eemal olemine ning arenguabi pakkumine tekitas hoopis hullema olukorra kui enne<br \/>Tartu \u00dclikooli arheoloogide leidude kohaselt on Eestis olnud kunagi matriarhaalne \u00fchiskond, kus v\u00f5rreldes l\u00e4\u00e4nega olid mees ja naine k\u00fcllaltki v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikus olukorras. Mingil ajaperioodil on aktsepteeritud vallalist ja lastega naist ning nimetatud teda v\u00f5imeliseks<br \/>Pesumasin oma muutnud maailma rohkem kui internet<br \/>Mehed teevad rohkem enesetappe kui naised, samuti on m\u00f5lema soo k\u00e4itumine erinev \u2013 naised katsetavad tavaliselt mitmel korral, kui mehed \u2019\u2019\u00f5nnestuvad\u2019\u2019 esimesel korral. Sellised erinevused aitavad lahendada probleeme\u00a0<br \/>Eestis on k\u00f5rgelt haritud naisi meestega v\u00f5rreldes rohkem, maailma mastaabis on Eestis suurim erinevus. Eriti tuleb vahe sisse noorte seas. Samuti on k\u00f5rgharidus v\u00e4ga segregeeritud \u2013 naised eelistavad \u00fchte eriala ja mehed teist. K\u00f5rgharitud naisi t\u00f6\u00f6tab Eesis lihtt\u00f6\u00f6lisena rohkem kui mehi<br \/>Palgal\u00f5he eksisteerib k\u00f5ikides arenenud riikides \u2013 seda p\u00f5hjustab nii naiste vaba tahe, kui ka muud faktorid. Tehakse erinevaid uuringuid, et leida vastuseid.\u00a0<br \/>Eestis on keskmiselt meestel 45% rohkem varasid kui naistel. Vahe tuleb sisse j\u00f5ukaima 10% sees.<br \/>Meeste jaoks on finantsiliselt kasulikum perekond luua \u2013 lapse s\u00fcnd t\u00f5stab mehe keskmist palka k\u00f5ikides arenenud riikides ja langetab naise palka. Mida rohkem lapsi seda k\u00f5rgem palk mehel ja madalam naisel.<br \/>Eestis toimub pere sees \u00fcmberjaotust. L\u00f5pptulemuseks \u2013 meeste ja naiste vara erinevus k\u00f5ige suurem abieludes. \u00dcksi elavatel inimeste varaline olukord meeste ja naiste vahel sarnane.\u00a0<br \/>Naised on peaaegu k\u00f5ikides n\u00e4itajates paljud \u00fchtsemad kui mehed ehk meeste \u00e4\u00e4rmused palju laiemad.<br \/>Vaesel mehel on tavaliselt ka madal haridustase. \u00dcksi elavad naised saavad pigem paremini hakkama kui \u00fcksi elavad mehed<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Liisa-Ly Pakosta on v\u00f5rdsete v\u00f5imaluste volinik. V\u00f5rsete v\u00f5imaluste voliniku ametid loodi l\u00e4\u00e4neriikidesse j\u00e4relkajana IIMS hirmudele, sest s\u00f5ja ajal ja ka p\u00e4rast toimus mitmeid inim\u00f5iguste rikkumisi.\u00a0Institutsioonide eesm\u00e4rk on ilma rahaliste takistustega anda n\u00f5u k\u00f5ikidele abi vajavatele inimestele. V\u00f5rd\u00f5igusvolinik kuulab \u00e4ra k\u00f5ikide inimeste mured, tema poole saab p\u00f6\u00f6rduda ka anon\u00fc\u00fcmselt. Tihti liiguvad probleemid v\u00f5rd\u00f5igusvolinikult edasi \u00f5iguskantslerile, kes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":8464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,70],"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-1","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-loengud","category-70","tag-loengud"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}